{"id":876,"date":"2024-01-29T16:47:57","date_gmt":"2024-01-29T16:47:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nis2resources.eu\/?page_id=876"},"modified":"2024-08-09T09:29:27","modified_gmt":"2024-08-09T09:29:27","slug":"article-33","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nis2resources.eu\/fr\/directive-2022-2555-nis2\/article-33\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 33, Mesures de surveillance et d'ex\u00e9cution concernant les entit\u00e9s importantes"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Lorsque l'on dispose de preuves, d'indications ou d'informations indiquant qu'une entit\u00e9Entit\u00e9<\/span> Une personne physique ou morale cr\u00e9\u00e9e et reconnue comme telle par le droit national de son lieu d'\u00e9tablissement, qui peut, en agissant sous son propre nom, exercer des droits et \u00eatre soumise \u00e0 des obligations. D\u00e9finition selon l'article 6 de la directive (UE) 2022\/2555 (directive NIS2)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span> ne se conforme pr\u00e9tendument pas \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sente directive, en particulier \u00e0 ses articles 21 et 23, les \u00c9tats membres veillent \u00e0 ce que les autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes prennent des mesures, le cas \u00e9ch\u00e9ant, par le biais de mesures de surveillance a posteriori. Les \u00c9tats membres veillent \u00e0 ce que ces mesures soient efficaces, proportionn\u00e9es et dissuasives, en tenant compte des circonstances propres \u00e0 chaque cas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Les \u00c9tats membres veillent \u00e0 ce que les autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes, lorsqu'elles exercent leur mission de surveillance \u00e0 l'\u00e9gard d'entit\u00e9s importantes, aient le pouvoir de soumettre ces entit\u00e9s au moins \u00e0 :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) des inspections sur place et une supervision a posteriori hors site men\u00e9es par des professionnels qualifi\u00e9s ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) des audits de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 cibl\u00e9s r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par un organisme ind\u00e9pendant ou une autorit\u00e9 comp\u00e9tente ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) des analyses de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 fond\u00e9es sur des crit\u00e8res objectifs, non discriminatoires, \u00e9quitables et transparents. risqueRisque<\/span> d\u00e9signe le potentiel de perte ou de perturbation caus\u00e9 par un incident et doit \u00eatre exprim\u00e9 comme une combinaison de l'ampleur de cette perte ou de cette perturbation et de la probabilit\u00e9 d'occurrence de l'incident. D\u00e9finition selon l'article 6 de la directive (UE) 2022\/2555 (directive NIS2)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span> crit\u00e8res d'\u00e9valuation, le cas \u00e9ch\u00e9ant avec la coop\u00e9ration de l'entit\u00e9 concern\u00e9e ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) les demandes d'informations n\u00e9cessaires pour \u00e9valuer, a posteriori, l'efficacit\u00e9 de l'action de l'Union europ\u00e9enne en mati\u00e8re de protection de l'environnement. cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9Cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/span> \"cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9\", la cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 telle que d\u00e9finie \u00e0 l'article 2, point 1), du r\u00e8glement (UE) 2019\/881 ; - D\u00e9finition selon l'article 6 de la directive (UE) 2022\/2555 (directive NIS2)<\/a>\r\r\"cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9\" : les activit\u00e9s n\u00e9cessaires pour prot\u00e9ger les r\u00e9seaux et les syst\u00e8mes d'information, les utilisateurs de ces syst\u00e8mes et les autres personnes concern\u00e9es par les cybermenaces ; - D\u00e9finition selon l'article 2, point 1), du r\u00e8glement (UE) 2019\/881 ;<\/span><\/span><\/span> les mesures de gestion des risques adopt\u00e9es par l'entit\u00e9 concern\u00e9e, y compris les politiques de cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 document\u00e9es, ainsi que le respect de l'obligation de communiquer des informations aux autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes en vertu de l'article 27 ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(e) les demandes d'acc\u00e8s aux donn\u00e9es, documents et informations n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 l'accomplissement de leur mission de contr\u00f4le ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(f) les demandes de preuves de la mise en \u0153uvre des politiques de cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9, telles que les r\u00e9sultats des audits de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par un auditeur qualifi\u00e9 et les preuves sous-jacentes correspondantes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les audits de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 cibl\u00e9s vis\u00e9s au premier alin\u00e9a, point b), sont fond\u00e9s sur des \u00e9valuations des risques r\u00e9alis\u00e9es par l'autorit\u00e9 comp\u00e9tente ou l'entit\u00e9 audit\u00e9e, ou sur d'autres informations disponibles relatives aux risques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les r\u00e9sultats de tout audit de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 cibl\u00e9 sont mis \u00e0 la disposition de l'autorit\u00e9 comp\u00e9tente. Les co\u00fbts d'un tel audit de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 cibl\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par un organisme ind\u00e9pendant sont pay\u00e9s par l'entit\u00e9 audit\u00e9e, sauf dans des cas d\u00fbment justifi\u00e9s o\u00f9 l'autorit\u00e9 comp\u00e9tente en d\u00e9cide autrement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Dans l'exercice des pouvoirs qui leur sont conf\u00e9r\u00e9s en vertu du paragraphe 2, points d), e) ou f), les autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes indiquent l'objet de la demande et pr\u00e9cisent les informations demand\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Les \u00c9tats membres veillent \u00e0 ce que les autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes, lorsqu'elles exercent leurs pouvoirs d'ex\u00e9cution \u00e0 l'\u00e9gard d'entit\u00e9s importantes, soient au moins habilit\u00e9es \u00e0 :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) \u00e9mettre des avertissements concernant les infractions \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sente directive commises par les entit\u00e9s concern\u00e9es ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) adopter des instructions contraignantes ou une injonction exigeant des entit\u00e9s concern\u00e9es qu'elles rem\u00e9dient aux insuffisances constat\u00e9es ou \u00e0 la violation de la pr\u00e9sente directive ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) ordonner aux entit\u00e9s concern\u00e9es de cesser tout comportement contraire \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sente directive et de s'abstenir de r\u00e9p\u00e9ter ce comportement ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) ordonner aux entit\u00e9s concern\u00e9es de veiller \u00e0 ce que leurs mesures de gestion du risque de cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 soient conformes \u00e0 l'article 21 ou de s'acquitter des obligations de d\u00e9claration pr\u00e9vues \u00e0 l'article 23, d'une mani\u00e8re et dans un d\u00e9lai d\u00e9termin\u00e9s ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(e) ordonner aux entit\u00e9s concern\u00e9es d'informer les personnes physiques ou morales \u00e0 l'\u00e9gard desquelles elles fournissent des services ou exercent des activit\u00e9s susceptibles d'\u00eatre affect\u00e9es par une une cybermenace importanteMenace cybern\u00e9tique importante<\/span> d\u00e9signe une cybermenace dont on peut supposer, sur la base de ses caract\u00e9ristiques techniques, qu'elle est susceptible d'avoir une incidence grave sur le r\u00e9seau et les syst\u00e8mes d'information d'une entit\u00e9 ou sur les utilisateurs des services de l'entit\u00e9 en causant des dommages mat\u00e9riels ou immat\u00e9riels consid\u00e9rables ; - d\u00e9signe une cybermenace dont on peut supposer, sur la base de ses caract\u00e9ristiques techniques, qu'elle est susceptible de causer des dommages mat\u00e9riels ou immat\u00e9riels consid\u00e9rables. D\u00e9finition selon l'article 6 de la directive (UE) 2022\/2555 (directive NIS2)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span> de la nature de la menace, ainsi que des \u00e9ventuelles mesures de protection ou de r\u00e9paration qui peuvent \u00eatre prises par ces personnes physiques ou morales en r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 cette menace ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(f) ordonner aux entit\u00e9s concern\u00e9es de mettre en \u0153uvre les recommandations formul\u00e9es \u00e0 la suite d'un audit de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 dans un d\u00e9lai raisonnable ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(g) ordonner aux entit\u00e9s concern\u00e9es de rendre publics les aspects des infractions \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sente directive selon des modalit\u00e9s pr\u00e9cises ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(h) infliger ou demander que soient inflig\u00e9es par les organes, cours ou tribunaux comp\u00e9tents, conform\u00e9ment au droit national, une amende administrative en vertu de l'article 34, en plus de toute mesure vis\u00e9e aux points a) \u00e0 g) du pr\u00e9sent paragraphe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. L'article 32, paragraphes 6, 7 et 8, s'applique mutatis mutandis aux mesures de surveillance et d'ex\u00e9cution pr\u00e9vues par le pr\u00e9sent article pour les entit\u00e9s importantes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. Les \u00c9tats membres veillent \u00e0 ce que leurs autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes au titre de la pr\u00e9sente directive coop\u00e8rent avec les autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes pertinentes de l'\u00c9tat membre concern\u00e9 au titre du r\u00e8glement (UE) n\u00b0 2022\/2554. En particulier, les \u00c9tats membres veillent \u00e0 ce que leurs autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes au titre de la pr\u00e9sente directive informent le Forum de supervision \u00e9tabli conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l'article 32, paragraphe 1, du r\u00e8glement (UE) n\u00b0 2022\/2554 lorsqu'elles exercent leurs pouvoirs de surveillance et d'ex\u00e9cution visant \u00e0 assurer le respect de la pr\u00e9sente directive par une entit\u00e9 importante d\u00e9sign\u00e9e comme fournisseur de services TIC tiers critiques conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l'article 31 du r\u00e8glement (UE) n\u00b0 2022\/2554.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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1. 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