{"id":810,"date":"2024-01-29T16:47:57","date_gmt":"2024-01-29T16:47:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nis2resources.eu\/?page_id=810"},"modified":"2024-08-09T09:08:52","modified_gmt":"2024-08-09T09:08:52","slug":"article-19","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nis2resources.eu\/fr\/directive-2022-2555-nis2\/article-19\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 19, \u00c9valuation par les pairs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>1. Le 17 janvier 2025, le groupe de coop\u00e9ration \u00e9tablit, avec l'aide de la Commission et de l'ENISA et, le cas \u00e9ch\u00e9ant, du r\u00e9seau des CSIRT, la m\u00e9thodologie et les aspects organisationnels des \u00e9valuations par les pairs en vue de tirer des enseignements des exp\u00e9riences partag\u00e9es, de renforcer la confiance mutuelle, d'atteindre un niveau commun \u00e9lev\u00e9 de qualit\u00e9 et d'am\u00e9liorer l'efficacit\u00e9 de l'\u00e9valuation par les pairs. <span tabindex='0' class='glossary-item-container'>cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9<span class='glossary-item-hidden-content'><span class='glossary-item-header'>Cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/span> <span class='glossary-item-description'>\"cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9\", la cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 telle que d\u00e9finie \u00e0 l'article 2, point 1), du r\u00e8glement (UE) 2019\/881 ; - <a href=\"https:\/\/nis2resources.eu\/fr\/directive\/article-6\/\">D\u00e9finition selon l'article 6 de la directive (UE) 2022\/2555 (directive NIS2)<\/a>\r\r\"cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9\" : les activit\u00e9s n\u00e9cessaires pour prot\u00e9ger les r\u00e9seaux et les syst\u00e8mes d'information, les utilisateurs de ces syst\u00e8mes et les autres personnes concern\u00e9es par les cybermenaces ; - D\u00e9finition selon l'article 2, point 1), du r\u00e8glement (UE) 2019\/881 ;<\/span><\/span><\/span>La participation \u00e0 l'examen par les pairs est facultative, car elle permet aux \u00c9tats membres d'am\u00e9liorer leurs capacit\u00e9s et leurs politiques en mati\u00e8re de cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9. La participation aux \u00e9valuations par les pairs est volontaire. Les \u00e9valuations par les pairs sont effectu\u00e9es par des experts en cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9. Les experts en cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 sont d\u00e9sign\u00e9s par au moins deux \u00c9tats membres, diff\u00e9rents de l'\u00c9tat membre faisant l'objet de l'examen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les \u00e9valuations par les pairs couvrent au moins l'un des \u00e9l\u00e9ments suivants :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) le niveau de mise en \u0153uvre de la cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 <span tabindex='0' class='glossary-item-container'>risque<span class='glossary-item-hidden-content'><span class='glossary-item-header'>Risque<\/span> <span class='glossary-item-description'>d\u00e9signe le potentiel de perte ou de perturbation caus\u00e9 par un incident et doit \u00eatre exprim\u00e9 comme une combinaison de l'ampleur de cette perte ou de cette perturbation et de la probabilit\u00e9 d'occurrence de l'incident. <a href=\"https:\/\/nis2resources.eu\/fr\/directive\/article-6\/\">D\u00e9finition selon l'article 6 de la directive (UE) 2022\/2555 (directive NIS2)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span>-Les mesures de gestion et les obligations de d\u00e9claration pr\u00e9vues aux articles 21 et 23 ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(b) le niveau des capacit\u00e9s, y compris les ressources financi\u00e8res, techniques et humaines disponibles, et l'efficacit\u00e9 de l'exercice des t\u00e2ches des autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(c) les capacit\u00e9s op\u00e9rationnelles des CSIRT ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(d) le niveau de mise en \u0153uvre de l'assistance mutuelle vis\u00e9e \u00e0 l'article 37 ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(e) le niveau de mise en \u0153uvre des accords de partage d'informations en mati\u00e8re de cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 vis\u00e9s \u00e0 l'article 29 ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(f) les questions sp\u00e9cifiques de nature transfrontali\u00e8re ou intersectorielle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. La m\u00e9thodologie vis\u00e9e au paragraphe 1 comprend des crit\u00e8res objectifs, non discriminatoires, \u00e9quitables et transparents sur la base desquels les \u00c9tats membres d\u00e9signent les experts en cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 habilit\u00e9s \u00e0 effectuer les \u00e9valuations par les pairs. La Commission et l'ENISA participent aux \u00e9valuations par les pairs en tant qu'observateurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Les \u00c9tats membres peuvent identifier des questions sp\u00e9cifiques vis\u00e9es au paragraphe 1, point f), aux fins d'un examen par les pairs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. Avant d'entamer l'examen par les pairs vis\u00e9 au paragraphe 1, les \u00c9tats membres notifient aux \u00c9tats membres participants la port\u00e9e de cet examen, y compris les questions sp\u00e9cifiques recens\u00e9es conform\u00e9ment au paragraphe 3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. Avant le d\u00e9but de l'examen par les pairs, les \u00c9tats membres peuvent proc\u00e9der \u00e0 une auto-\u00e9valuation des aspects examin\u00e9s et fournir cette auto-\u00e9valuation aux experts en cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 d\u00e9sign\u00e9s. Le groupe de coop\u00e9ration d\u00e9finit, avec l'aide de la Commission et de l'ENISA, la m\u00e9thodologie de l'auto-\u00e9valuation des \u00c9tats membres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. Les examens par les pairs comportent des visites physiques ou virtuelles sur place et des \u00e9changes d'informations hors site. Conform\u00e9ment au principe de bonne coop\u00e9ration, l'\u00c9tat membre soumis \u00e0 l'examen par les pairs fournit aux experts en cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 d\u00e9sign\u00e9s les informations n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 l'\u00e9valuation, sans pr\u00e9judice du droit de l'Union ou du droit national concernant la protection des informations confidentielles ou classifi\u00e9es et la sauvegarde des fonctions essentielles de l'\u00c9tat, telles que la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le groupe de coop\u00e9ration, en coop\u00e9ration avec la Commission et l'ENISA, \u00e9labore des codes de conduite appropri\u00e9s pour \u00e9tayer les m\u00e9thodes de travail des experts en cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 d\u00e9sign\u00e9s. Toute information obtenue dans le cadre de l'examen par les pairs est utilis\u00e9e uniquement \u00e0 cette fin. Les experts en cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 participant \u00e0 l'examen par les pairs ne divulguent \u00e0 des tiers aucune information sensible ou confidentielle obtenue dans le cadre de cet examen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7. Une fois soumis \u00e0 un examen par les pairs, les m\u00eames aspects examin\u00e9s dans un \u00c9tat membre ne font pas l'objet d'un nouvel examen par les pairs dans cet \u00c9tat membre pendant les deux ann\u00e9es qui suivent la conclusion de l'examen par les pairs, sauf demande contraire de l'\u00c9tat membre ou accord apr\u00e8s une proposition du groupe de coop\u00e9ration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8. Les \u00c9tats membres veillent \u00e0 ce que tout risque de conflit d'int\u00e9r\u00eats concernant les experts en cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 d\u00e9sign\u00e9s soit r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 aux autres \u00c9tats membres, au groupe de coop\u00e9ration, \u00e0 la Commission et \u00e0 l'ENISA avant le d\u00e9but de l'examen par les pairs. L'\u00c9tat membre soumis \u00e0 l'examen par les pairs peut s'opposer \u00e0 la d\u00e9signation d'experts en cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 particuliers pour des motifs d\u00fbment justifi\u00e9s communiqu\u00e9s \u00e0 l'\u00c9tat membre qui a proc\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 la d\u00e9signation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9. Les experts en cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 participant aux examens par les pairs r\u00e9digent des rapports sur les constatations et les conclusions des examens par les pairs. Les \u00c9tats membres soumis \u00e0 un examen par les pairs peuvent formuler des observations sur les projets de rapports les concernant et ces observations sont jointes aux rapports. Les rapports contiennent des recommandations visant \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer les aspects couverts par l'examen par les pairs. Les rapports sont soumis au groupe de coop\u00e9ration et au r\u00e9seau des CSIRT, le cas \u00e9ch\u00e9ant. Un \u00c9tat membre soumis \u00e0 l'examen par les pairs peut d\u00e9cider de rendre son rapport, ou une version expurg\u00e9e de celui-ci, accessible au public.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. The Cooperation Group shall, on 17 January 2025, establish, with the assistance of the Commission and ENISA, and, where relevant, the CSIRTs network, the methodology and organisational aspects of peer reviews with a view to learning from shared experiences, strengthening mutual trust, achieving a high common level of cybersecurityCybersecurity \u2018cybersecurity\u2019 means cybersecurity as defined [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":592,"menu_order":19,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":".gspb_container-id-gsbp-318027b{flex-direction:column;box-sizing:border-box}#gspb_container-id-gsbp-318027b.gspb_container>p:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.gspb_container{position:relative}#gspb_container-id-gsbp-318027b.gspb_container{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--palette-color-7, var(--theme-palette-color-7, 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