{"id":823,"date":"2024-01-29T16:47:57","date_gmt":"2024-01-29T16:47:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nis2resources.eu\/?page_id=823"},"modified":"2024-08-09T09:15:52","modified_gmt":"2024-08-09T09:15:52","slug":"article-21","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nis2resources.eu\/es\/directiva-2022-2555-nis2\/articulo-21\/","title":{"rendered":"Art\u00edculo 21, Medidas de gesti\u00f3n de riesgos de ciberseguridad"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Los Estados miembros velar\u00e1n por que las entidades esenciales e importantes adopten medidas t\u00e9cnicas, operativas y organizativas adecuadas y proporcionadas para gestionar los riesgos que se plantean para la seguridad de la red y de los sistemas de informaci\u00f3nSeguridad de redes y sistemas de informaci\u00f3n<\/span> la capacidad de los sistemas de red y de informaci\u00f3n de resistir, con un determinado nivel de confianza, cualquier evento que pueda comprometer la disponibilidad, autenticidad, integridad o confidencialidad de los datos almacenados, transmitidos o procesados o de los servicios ofrecidos por dichos sistemas de red y de informaci\u00f3n o accesibles a trav\u00e9s de ellos Definici\u00f3n seg\u00fan el art\u00edculo 6 de la Directiva (UE) 2022\/2555 (Directiva NIS2)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span> que dichas entidades utilizan para sus operaciones o para la prestaci\u00f3n de sus servicios, y para prevenir o minimizar el impacto de los incidentes en los destinatarios de sus servicios y en otros servicios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Teniendo en cuenta el estado de la t\u00e9cnica y, en su caso, las normas europeas e internacionales pertinentes, as\u00ed como el coste de su aplicaci\u00f3n, las medidas contempladas en el p\u00e1rrafo primero garantizar\u00e1n un nivel de seguridad de las redes y sistemas de informaci\u00f3n adecuado a los riesgos planteados. Al evaluar la proporcionalidad de dichas medidas, se tendr\u00e1 debidamente en cuenta el grado de entidadEntidad<\/span> Persona f\u00edsica o jur\u00eddica creada y reconocida como tal en virtud de la legislaci\u00f3n nacional de su lugar de establecimiento, que puede, actuando en nombre propio, ejercer derechos y estar sujeta a obligaciones -. Definici\u00f3n seg\u00fan el art\u00edculo 6 de la Directiva (UE) 2022\/2555 (Directiva NIS2)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span>La exposici\u00f3n de la entidad a los riesgos, su tama\u00f1o y la probabilidad de que se produzcan incidentes y su gravedad, incluidas sus repercusiones sociales y econ\u00f3micas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Las medidas a que se refiere el apartado 1 se basar\u00e1n en un enfoque que tenga en cuenta todos los riesgos y cuyo objetivo sea proteger las redes y los sistemas de informaci\u00f3n, as\u00ed como el entorno f\u00edsico de dichos sistemas, frente a los incidentes, e incluir\u00e1n, como m\u00ednimo, lo siguiente:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(a) pol\u00edticas sobre riesgoRiesgo<\/span> Se refiere al potencial de p\u00e9rdida o perturbaci\u00f3n causado por un incidente y debe expresarse como una combinaci\u00f3n de la magnitud de dicha p\u00e9rdida o perturbaci\u00f3n y la probabilidad de que se produzca el incidente. Definici\u00f3n seg\u00fan el art\u00edculo 6 de la Directiva (UE) 2022\/2555 (Directiva NIS2)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span> an\u00e1lisis y seguridad de los sistemas de informaci\u00f3n;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(b) gesti\u00f3n de incidentesGesti\u00f3n de incidentes<\/span> Se refiere a todas las acciones y procedimientos destinados a prevenir, detectar, analizar y contener un incidente, o a responder a \u00e9l y recuperarse de \u00e9l. Definici\u00f3n seg\u00fan el art\u00edculo 6 de la Directiva (UE) 2022\/2555 (Directiva NIS2)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(c) continuidad de la actividad, como gesti\u00f3n de copias de seguridad y recuperaci\u00f3n en caso de cat\u00e1strofe, y gesti\u00f3n de crisis;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(d) la seguridad de la cadena de suministro, incluidos los aspectos relativos a la seguridad de las relaciones entre cada entidad y sus proveedores directos o proveedores de servicios;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(e) seguridad en la adquisici\u00f3n, desarrollo y mantenimiento de redes y sistemas de informaci\u00f3n, incluyendo vulnerabilidadVulnerabilidad<\/span> Se refiere a una debilidad, susceptibilidad o defecto de los productos o servicios de las TIC que puede ser explotado por una ciberamenaza -. Definici\u00f3n seg\u00fan el art\u00edculo 6 de la Directiva (UE) 2022\/2555 (Directiva NIS2)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span> manipulaci\u00f3n y divulgaci\u00f3n;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(f) pol\u00edticas y procedimientos para evaluar la eficacia de ciberseguridadCiberseguridad<\/span> \"ciberseguridad\": la ciberseguridad definida en el art\u00edculo 2, punto 1, del Reglamento (UE) 2019\/881; - Definici\u00f3n seg\u00fan el art\u00edculo 6 de la Directiva (UE) 2022\/2555 (Directiva NIS2)<\/a>\r\r\"ciberseguridad\": las actividades necesarias para proteger las redes y los sistemas de informaci\u00f3n, a los usuarios de dichos sistemas y a otras personas afectadas por las ciberamenazas; - Definici\u00f3n seg\u00fan el art\u00edculo 2, punto (1), del Reglamento (UE) 2019\/881;<\/span><\/span><\/span> medidas de gesti\u00f3n de riesgos;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(g) pr\u00e1cticas b\u00e1sicas de ciberhigiene y formaci\u00f3n en ciberseguridad;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(h) pol\u00edticas y procedimientos relativos al uso de criptograf\u00eda y, en su caso, de cifrado;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(i) seguridad de los recursos humanos, pol\u00edticas de control de acceso y gesti\u00f3n de activos;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(j) el uso de soluciones de autenticaci\u00f3n multifactor o autenticaci\u00f3n continua, comunicaciones de voz, v\u00eddeo y texto seguras y sistemas de comunicaci\u00f3n de emergencia seguros dentro de la entidad, cuando proceda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Los Estados miembros velar\u00e1n por que, al considerar qu\u00e9 medidas contempladas en el apartado 2, letra d), del presente art\u00edculo son adecuadas, las entidades tengan en cuenta las vulnerabilidades espec\u00edficas de cada proveedor directo y prestador de servicios y la calidad general de los productos y las pr\u00e1cticas de ciberseguridad de sus proveedores y prestadores de servicios, incluidos sus procedimientos de desarrollo seguro. Los Estados miembros velar\u00e1n asimismo por que, al considerar qu\u00e9 medidas de las mencionadas en dicha letra son adecuadas, las entidades tengan en cuenta los resultados de las evaluaciones coordinadas de los riesgos para la seguridad de las cadenas de suministro cr\u00edticas realizadas de conformidad con el art\u00edculo 22, apartado 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Los Estados miembros velar\u00e1n por que una entidad que compruebe que no cumple las medidas previstas en el apartado 2 adopte, sin demora injustificada, todas las medidas correctoras necesarias, adecuadas y proporcionadas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. A m\u00e1s tardar el 17 de octubre de 2024, la Comisi\u00f3n adoptar\u00e1 actos de ejecuci\u00f3n por los que se establezcan los requisitos t\u00e9cnicos y metodol\u00f3gicos de las medidas a que se refiere el apartado 2 en relaci\u00f3n con los proveedores de servicios DNS, los registros de nombres TLD, servicio de computaci\u00f3n en nubeServicio de computaci\u00f3n en nube<\/span> Se refiere a un servicio digital que permite la administraci\u00f3n bajo demanda y un amplio acceso remoto a un conjunto escalable y el\u00e1stico de recursos inform\u00e1ticos compartibles, incluso cuando dichos recursos est\u00e1n distribuidos en varias ubicaciones -. Definici\u00f3n seg\u00fan el art\u00edculo 6 de la Directiva (UE) 2022\/2555 (Directiva NIS2)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span> proveedores, servicio de centro de datosServicio de centro de datos<\/span> <\/b>designa un servicio que engloba estructuras, o grupos de estructuras, dedicadas al alojamiento centralizado, la interconexi\u00f3n y el funcionamiento de equipos inform\u00e1ticos y de red que prestan servicios de almacenamiento, tratamiento y transporte de datos, junto con todas las instalaciones e infraestructuras de distribuci\u00f3n de energ\u00eda y control ambiental -. Definici\u00f3n seg\u00fan el art\u00edculo 6 de la Directiva (UE) 2022\/2555 (Directiva NIS2)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span> proveedores, red de distribuci\u00f3n de contenidosRed de distribuci\u00f3n de contenidos<\/span> Se refiere a una red de servidores distribuidos geogr\u00e1ficamente con el fin de garantizar una alta disponibilidad, accesibilidad o entrega r\u00e1pida de contenidos y servicios digitales a los usuarios de Internet en nombre de los proveedores de contenidos y servicios -. Definici\u00f3n seg\u00fan el art\u00edculo 6 de la Directiva (UE) 2022\/2555 (Directiva NIS2)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span> proveedores, proveedores de servicios gestionados, proveedores de servicios gestionados de seguridad, proveedores de mercados en l\u00ednea, de motores de b\u00fasqueda en l\u00ednea y de plataformas de servicios de redes sociales, y servicio fiduciarioServicio de confianza<\/span> Significa un servicio electr\u00f3nico prestado normalmente a cambio de una remuneraci\u00f3n que consiste en: a) la creaci\u00f3n, verificaci\u00f3n y validaci\u00f3n de firmas electr\u00f3nicas, sellos electr\u00f3nicos o sellos de tiempo electr\u00f3nicos, servicios de entrega electr\u00f3nica certificada y certificados relacionados con dichos servicios, o b) la creaci\u00f3n, verificaci\u00f3n y validaci\u00f3n de certificados para la autenticaci\u00f3n de sitios web, o c) la conservaci\u00f3n de firmas electr\u00f3nicas, sellos o certificados relacionados con dichos servicios - Definici\u00f3n seg\u00fan el art\u00edculo 3, punto (16), del Reglamento (UE) n\u00ba 910\/2014.<\/span><\/span><\/span> proveedores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La Comisi\u00f3n podr\u00e1 adoptar actos de ejecuci\u00f3n por los que se establezcan los requisitos t\u00e9cnicos y metodol\u00f3gicos, as\u00ed como los requisitos sectoriales, seg\u00fan sea necesario, de las medidas a que se refiere el apartado 2 con respecto a entidades esenciales e importantes distintas de las mencionadas en el p\u00e1rrafo primero del presente apartado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Al preparar los actos de ejecuci\u00f3n a que se refieren los p\u00e1rrafos primero y segundo del presente apartado, la Comisi\u00f3n se atendr\u00e1, en la medida de lo posible, a las normas europeas e internacionales, as\u00ed como a las especificaciones t\u00e9cnicas pertinentes. La Comisi\u00f3n intercambiar\u00e1 asesoramiento y cooperar\u00e1 con el Grupo de Cooperaci\u00f3n y la ENISA sobre los proyectos de actos de ejecuci\u00f3n de conformidad con el art\u00edculo 14, apartado 4, letra e).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dichos actos de ejecuci\u00f3n se adoptar\u00e1n con arreglo al procedimiento de examen contemplado en el art\u00edculo 39, apartado 2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. Member States shall ensure that essential and important entities take appropriate and proportionate technical, operational and organisational measures to manage the risks posed to the security of network and information systemsSecurity of Network and Information Systems Means the ability of network and information systems to resist, at a given level of confidence, any event […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":592,"menu_order":21,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":".gspb_container-id-gsbp-318027b{flex-direction:column;box-sizing:border-box}#gspb_container-id-gsbp-318027b.gspb_container>p:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.gspb_container{position:relative}#gspb_container-id-gsbp-318027b.gspb_container{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--palette-color-7, var(--theme-palette-color-7, 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